Fri May 19 2023

94 articles - From Friday May 12 2023 to Friday May 19 2023

parm_toc.knit

Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

American Gastroenterological Association-American College of Gastroenterology Clinical Practice Guideline: Pharmacological Management of Chronic Idiopathic Constipation.

This document provides a comprehensive outline of the various over-the-counter and prescription pharmacological agents available for the treatment of CIC. The guidelines are meant to provide a framework for approaching the management of CIC; clinical providers should engage in shared decision making based on patient preferences as well as medication cost and availability. Limitations and gaps in the evidence are highlighted to help guide future research opportunities and enhance the care of patients with chronic constipation.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Hepatology

AASLD practice guidance on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Letter to the editor: ELF in the risk stratification of NAFLD: Are the ELF-thresholds suggested by the AASLD guidelines appropriate?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 


Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Gastrointest Endosc

The impact of center and endoscopist ERCP volume on ERCP outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

High-volume endoscopists and centers provide higher ERCP success rates with fewer overall adverse events, especially bleeding, compared to the respective low-volume comparators.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 


Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Trends in aetiology-based hospitalisation for cirrhosis before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

In-hospital mortality in cirrhosis was higher in the COVID-19 era than in the pre-COVID-19 era. ALD is the leading aetiology-specific cause of in-hospital mortality in cirrhosis with an independent detrimental impact of the COVID-19 infection.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Am J Gastroenterol

Empiric esophageal dilatation for solid-food dysphagia: presence of mucosal tear on relook endoscopy predicts symptomatic response.

Patients with a mucosal tear following empiric dilatation have a superior symptomatic response to those without, and comparable to patients with visible strictures. We infer the tear represents disruption of an endoscopically inapparent stricture.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Microscopic colitis and risk of incident acute pancreatitis: A nationwide population-based matched cohort study.

This nationwide study of more than 12,000 patients with MC demonstrated an increased risk of acute pancreatitis after MC. Hence, clinicians should have a low threshold for evaluation of acute pancreatitis in patients with MC. Also, these patients should receive advice and care aimed at reducing the risk of acute pancreatitis.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Bile Acid Sequestrants in Microscopic Colitis: Clinical Outcomes and Utility of Bile Acid Testing.

In one of the largest cohorts evaluating BAS treatment in MC, nearly two-thirds had a partial or complete response. Additional research is needed to determine the role of BAS and bile acid malabsorption in MC.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Burden of Crohn's Disease in the United States Medicaid Population, 2010 - 2019.

From 2010-2019, Medicaid population CD prevalence increased while incidence decreased from 2013-2019. Overall Medicaid CD incidence and prevalence ranges align with prior large administrative database studies.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Real-World Experience with Tofacitinib Dose De-escalation in Patients with Moderate and Severe Ulcerative Colitis.

In this real-world cohort, we observed a 56% cumulative incidence of UC events at 12 months in patients with tofacitinib dose de-escalation. Observed factors associated with UC events after dose de-escalation included induction course <16 weeks and active endoscopic disease 6 months after initiation.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Secondary prevention of esophageal variceal bleeding is often imperfect: A national, population-based cohort study of 3,592 patients.

Secondary prevention of esophageal variceal bleeding has not been widely undertaken, with many patients not receiving guideline-supported interventions within a reasonable timeframe. This highlights a need to raise awareness on appropriate prevention strategies to clinicians and patients.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Endosc Int Open

A new endoscopic scoring system corresponding to histological healing using linked color imaging in ulcerative colitis: the SOUL study.

s A new LCI index is useful for predicting histological healing in UC patients with MES = 1 and clinical remission.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Automatic textual description of colorectal polyp features: explainable artificial intelligence.

CADx performance differed per CRP feature and was particularly high for surface descriptors while size and pits-distribution description need improvement. Explainable AI can help comprehend reasoning behind CADx diagnoses and therefore facilitate integration into clinical practice and increase trust in AI.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Endoscopic calcium electroporation for colorectal cancer: a phase I study.

This first study of calcium electroporation for colorectal tumors shows that calcium electroporation is a safe and feasible treatment modality for colorectal cancer. It can be performed as an outpatient treatment and may potentially be of great value for fragile patients with limited treatment options.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

First clinical experience with esophageal ESD using a novel adjustable traction device.

ENDOTORNADO creates the adjustable traction from any directions and may have the clinical feasibility. It would be an option for human esophageal ESD.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Hemorrhoids as a risk factor for colorectal adenomas on colonoscopy.

s Hemorrhoids, especially severe ones, are associated with a high number of adenomas. Complete colonoscopy should be performed in patients with hemorrhoids.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Incomplete resection rates of 4- to 20-mm non-pedunculated colorectal polyps when using wide-field cold snare resection with routine submucosal injection.

s Use of CSP-SI results in lower IRRs compared to what has previously been reported in the literature for hot or cold snare polypectomy when not using wide-field cold snare resection with submucosal injection. CSP-SI showed an excellent safety and efficacy profile, however comparative studies to CSP without SI are required to confirm these results.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Invasive CO 2 monitoring with arterial line compared to end tidal CO 2 during peroral endoscopic myotomy.

is an appropriate tool.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Low risk of new dysplastic lesions in an inflammatory bowel disease population study with dye chromoendoscopy.

The risk of dysplasia progressing to advanced neoplasia and, specifically, the risk of new neoplastic lesions after endoscopic resection of colitis-associated dysplasia, are both very low.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Multicenter prospective evaluation of an overtube endoluminal interventional platform for colorectal polypectomy.

s Endoscopic colon polyp resection with the DBEP was safe with a high technical success rate. The DBEP has the potential to provide enhanced scope stability and visualization, traction, and a conduit for scope exchange. Further prospective randomized studies are warranted.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Novel anti-reflux biliary metal stent with a distal tapered end for distal malignant biliary obstruction: a feasibility study.

Endoscopic placement of the newly developed TMS in patients with DMBO is technically feasible and safe, and the TRBO was remarkably long. The anti-reflux mechanism based on the difference in diameter may be effective, and a randomized controlled trial with a conventional SEMS is required.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Endoscopy

Colorectal cancer and advanced adenoma incidence during post-polypectomy surveillance: a national cohort study in the English Bowel Cancer Screening Programme.

This large, national analysis found low levels of CRC in those undergoing surveillance and low advanced adenoma yield in most subgroups. Less intensive surveillance in some subgroups is warranted, and surveillance may be avoided in those with a single large adenoma.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Impact of 3-second rule for high confidence assignment on the performance of endoscopists for the real-time optical diagnosis of colorectal polyps.

The 3-second rule was effective in improving real-time optical diagnosis performance, especially in nonexperts.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Gastroenterology

ALKBH5 Drives Immune Suppression via targeting AXIN2 to Promote Colorectal Cancer and is a Target for Boosting Immunotherapy.

Our study identifies an ALKBH5-m 6 A-AXIN2-Wnt-DKK1 axis in CRC which drives immune suppression to facilitate tumorigenesis. Targeting of ALKBH5 is a promising strategy for sensitizing CRC to immunotherapy.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Apposition of fibroblasts with metaplastic gastric cells promotes dysplastic transition.

These findings indicate that fibroblast associations with metaplastic epithelial cells can facilitate direct transition of metaplastic SPEM cell lineages into dysplastic lineages.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Cancer in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis - a nationwide Danish cohort study with matched controls.

Despite an absolute reduction in the risk of developing cancer among FAP patients, the risk remained significantly higher than for the background population due to colorectal, pancreatic, and duodenal/small bowel cancers.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Elevated APE1 dysregulates homologous recombination and cell cycle driving genomic evolution, tumorigenesis and chemoresistance in esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Elevated APE1 dysregulates HR and cell cycle contributing to genomic instability, tumorigenesis and chemoresistance, and its inhibitors have potential to target these processes in EAC and possibly other cancers.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Gastrointest Endosc

Uncovered Versus Fully-Covered Self-Expandable Metal Stents for the Management of Distal Malignant Biliary Obstruction.

FCSEMS should be considered for the palliation of dMBO due to lower rates of AEs, longer patency rates, and lower rates of unplanned endoscopic intervention.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Gut

Eradicating Helicobacter pylori via 13C-urea breath screening to prevent gastric cancer in indigenous communities: a population-based study and development of a family index-case method.

Objective Screening and eradication of and an efficient rollout method indicate that a primary prevention strategy is acceptable and feasible in indigenous communities.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Life cycle assessment of routinely used endoscopic instruments and simple intervention to reduce our environmental impact.

Knowledge of carbon footprint is crucial to select the most sustainable alternatives because there are large variations between brands. A mark to identify recyclable parts could reduce our environmental impact significantly.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Screening of normal endoscopic large bowel biopsies with interpretable graph learning: a retrospective study.

The model achieved consistently high accuracy showing its potential in optimising increasingly scarce pathologist resources. Explainable predictions can guide pathologists in their diagnostic decision-making and help boost their confidence in the algorithm, paving the way for its future clinical adoption.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Technical performance and diagnostic yield of motorised spiral enteroscopy compared with single-balloon enteroscopy in suspected Crohn's disease: a randomised controlled, open-label study (the MOTOR-CD trial).

MSE and SBE have comparable technical success and diagnostic yield for small bowel evaluation in suspected CD. MSE scores over SBE with regard to deeper small bowel evaluation with complete small bowel coverage and higher depth of insertion in a shorter time.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Hepatology

Antiviral therapy substantially reduces hepatocellular carcinoma risk in chronic Hepatitis B patients in the indeterminate phase.

Antiviral therapy reduces HCC risk by 70% among indeterminate phase CHB patients. These data have important implications for the potential expansion of CHB treatment criteria.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Current challenges and future perspectives in treating patients with NAFLD-related cirrhosis.

We relied on the recommendations of the scientific societies and discussed them in the specific context of NAFLD cirrhosis and the surrounding cardiometabolic milieu. Here we covered the following aspects: (1) the weight loss strategies through lifestyle interventions to avoid sarcopenia and improve portal hypertension (PHT); (2) the optimal control of metabolic comorbidities in particular type 2 diabetes aimed to improve cardiovascular morbidity/mortality but also to lower the incidence of cirrhosis related complications; we discussed various aspects related to the safety of the oral antidiabetic drugs in cirrhosis; (3) the challenges in performing bariatric surgery in patients with cirrhosis related to the PHT and the risk of cirrhosis decompensation; (4) the particularities in the diagnosis and management of the PHT and the difficulties in managing patients awaiting for liver transplantation; we underlined (5) the difficulties to develop drug and to conduct clinical trials in patients with NAFLD-related cirrhosis and discussed the emerging options to overcome these obstacles.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Etiological cure prevents further decompensation and mortality in cirrhotic patients with ascites as the single first decompensating event.

In patients with cirrhosis and ascites as single first decompensating event, the cure of liver disease etiology represents a main treatment goal since this translates into considerably lower risks of further decompensation and mortality.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Future directions in acute liver failure.

To review ALFSG's accomplishments and consider next steps, a two-day in-person conference was held at UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, entitled "Acute Liver Failure: Science and Practice," in May 2022. To summarize the important findings in the field, this review highlights the current state of understanding of ALF and, more importantly, asks what further studies are needed to improve our understanding of the pathogenesis, natural history, and management of this unique and dramatic condition.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Magnetic resonance Elastography-Based prediction model for hepatic decompensation in NAFLD; a Multi-Center cohort study.

An MRE-based prediction model allows for accurate prediction of hepatic decompensation and assists in the risk stratification of patients with NAFLD.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Progression of liver disease and portal hypertension in dyskeratosis congenita and related telomere biology disorders.

Our experience shows a high prevalence of cholestatic pattern of liver abnormality with progression to portal hypertension in patients with DC/TBD. Presence of pulmonary and/or vascular disease in patients with recessive or TINF2 DC were important predictors of liver disease progression suggesting the need for increased vigilance and monitoring for complications in these patients.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Soluble ORF2 protein enhances HEV replication and induces long-lasting antibody response and protective immunity in vivo.

These findings indicate ORF2s may be dispensable for viral replication in vivo but is required for long-lived antibody-mediated responses that protect against HEV re-exposure.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

J Hepatol

RSK2 inactivation cooperates with AXIN1 inactivation or ß-catenin activation to promote hepatocarcinogenesis.

Our study newly demonstrated the tumor suppressor role of RSK2 and its specific synergistic effect in hepatocarcinogenesis when its loss of function is specifically combined with AXIN1 inactivation or ß-catenin activation. Furthermore, we identified the RAS/MAPK pathway as a potential therapeutic target for RSK2-inactivated liver tumors. Impact and implications This study demonstrated the tumor suppressor role of RSK2 in the liver and showed that its inactivation specifically synergizes with AXIN1 inactivation or ß-catenin activation to promote the development of HCC with similar transcriptomic profiles as found in humans. Furthermore, this study highlights that activation of the RAS/MAPK pathway is one of the key signaling pathways mediating the oncogenic effect of RSK2 inactivation that can be targeted with already available anti-MEK therapies.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Neurogastroenterol Motil

Enhanced neuron-glia network in the submucosa and increased neuron outgrowth into the mucosa are associated with distinctive expressions of neuronal factors in the colon of rat IBS model.

Neuron network enhancement in the submucosa and neuron outgrowth into the mucosa may be associated with axon guidance factors expressed in hyperplastic EGCs in the colonic submucosa of IBS models.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Proximal esophageal impedance baseline increases the yield of impedance-pH monitoring for GERD diagnosis and is associated with heartburn response to PPI.

Impedance baseline assessment in the proximal esophagus may increase the diagnostic yield of impedance-pH monitoring. Heartburn response to PPI is directly related to ultrastructural mucosal damage in the distal and in the proximal esophagus as well.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 


Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Gastric Cancer Trends in the United States: In Context and Possible Explanations.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Symptom Subgroups taking in to account psychological burden predicts IBS Disease Impact and Burden: a step forward?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Gastroenterology

Sometimes Gut Smooth Muscle Forget That They Are Supposed to Contract: CARMN and Visceral Myopathy.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

J Hepatol

Ammonia - an enduring foe - What evaluating whole body ammonia metabolism can teach us about cirrhosis and therapies treating hepatic encephalopathy.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Changing epidemiology, global trends and implications for outcomes of NAFLD.

This narrative review discusses recent changes in the epidemiology of NAFLD and NASH from regional and global perspectives, as well as in special populations. We also discuss the consequences these changes can have on hepatic and extra-hepatic events.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Immunobiology of Cholangiocarcinoma.

Broad strategies to re-equip the immune system include blockade of suppressive immune cell recruitment to priming cytotoxic effector cells against tumor antigens. While immunotherapeutic strategies are gaining traction in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma, there is a long road of discovery ahead in order to make meaningful contributions to patient therapy and survival.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 


Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

It Is Time for a Paradigm Shift in Design, Execution, and Publishing of Comparative Helicobacter pylori Treatment Trials.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

To Be a Fly on the Wall: A Mysterious Finding on Colonoscopy.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Endosc Int Open

Electrohydraulic lithotripsy for a large biliary stone at a hepaticojejunal anastomosis site by refluxing water from a contrast catheter.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Extended delay in endoscopic mucosal resection is not associated with adverse outcomes: Findings from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Endoscopy

A successful case of endoscopic submucosal dissection using the water pressure method for hypopharyngeal carcinoma with severe fibrosis.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Abdominal pain in a young man revealing an infected perigastric cystic lymphangioma.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Chronic ischemic ileitis after ileocecal resection and ileocolic anastomosis.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Endoscopic surveillance after resection of sessile serrated lesions: so far, so good?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Recruitment of gastroenterology trainees with the help of a new training model?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Stapling peroral endoscopic myotomy over Heller?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Three different strategies to overcome dilation failures of the bougie cap for upper gastrointestinal refractory strictures.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Gastroenterology

Bulevirtide for chronic Hepatitis Delta.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Cold Snare Polypectomy for Small Colorectal Polyps - Quick and Safe.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Discovery and Initial Characterization of Long Intergenic Non-coding RNAs Associated with Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Enterochromaffin cells: small in number but big in impact.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Etrasimod in ulcerative colitis.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Gastro Curbside Consults: Not just another 'bloody' case of right heart failure.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Gastrointest Endosc

Ig G4-Related Disease: An Unusual Presentation As Collagenous Gastritis.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm with secondary abscess formation requiring endoscopic drainage.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Gut

Microbiome is the key to preventing anastomotic leak in colorectal surgery.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Hepatology

A call for unity: The path towards a more precise and patient-centric nomenclature for NAFLD.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

August Hepatology Highlights.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Deciphering the role of soluble ORF2 protein in virus-host interaction in HEV infection.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Intratumoral microbiota in hepatocellular carcinoma: A new kid on the block?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Letter to the editor: Concurrent large spontaneous portosystemic shunt embolization for the prevention of overt hepatic encephalopathy after TIPS: A randomized controlled trial.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Letter to the editor: People living with HIV and NAFLD: A population left behind in the global effort for liver fibrosis screening?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Letter to the editor: Updated guidance on NALFD screening.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Letter to the Editor: Xenogeneic cross-circulation of ex vivo human livers or liver xenotransplantation?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Refining the approach to down-staging for hepatocellular carcinoma prior to liver transplantation: Patient selection, local-regional treatments, and systemic therapies.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Reply: Concurrent large spontaneous portosystemic shunt embolization for the prevention of overt hepatic encephalopathy after TIPS: A randomized controlled trial.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Reply: ELF in the risk stratification of NAFLD.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Reply: People living with HIV and NAFLD and updated guidance on NAFLD screening.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Reply: Xenogeneic cross-circulation of ex vivo human livers or liver xenotransplantation?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

The pre-mRNA alternative splicing regulated by SRPK2: A new player in alcohol-associated liver disease?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Treatment of diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic hepatitis B: Are SGLT2 inhibitors hitting the sweet spot?

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Two important players in poor prognosis hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): Extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) and its passenger, the oncogenic miR-17~92 locus.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Use of non-invasive scores to predict hepatic steatosis: Flaws and caveats.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

J Hepatol

Painless jaundice with segmental obstructive cholestasis.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 


Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Measuring of Post-vaccination Hepatitis-B Titers in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Thoughts for Further Investigation.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Gastroenterology

Inclusion of Patients with Duodenal Obstruction in Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Group: Not a Right Intention.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Substantial variability in placebo and nocebo responses challenges the validity of network meta-analysis of gastroparesis pharmacotherapy.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Gut

Autoimmune gastritis may be less susceptible to cancer development than Helicobacter pylori-related gastritis based on histological analysis.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Hypophosphataemia following ferric carboxymaltose and ferric derisomaltose: case closed, but questions remain.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Multiple and diverse consequences of inhibiting gastric acid secretion: remembering the bicentenary of William Prout's discovery.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

J Hepatol

The influence of invasive procedures on acute HBV and HCV infections.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Neurogastroenterol Motil

The effect of dexmedetomidine administration on esophageal contractility in two pediatric patients with eosinophilic esophagitis.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx